A memorable travel photograph gives your eye somewhere to land, then rewards you for staying. These three entries from the 2015 National Geographic Traveler Photo Contest do that in very different ways: through a portrait, a figure inside ice and the movement of a wave.

They appeared in an April 2015 selection of contest entries. They are not presented here as winning photographs, and the competition described in that archive has long since closed. What remains fresh is the pleasure of looking at the work carefully.

A Karo portrait in Ethiopia’s Omo Valley photographed by S. Ram for the 2015 contest
A Karo portrait in Ethiopia’s Omo Valley photographed by S. Ram for the 2015 contest.

S. Ram: a portrait in Ethiopia’s Omo Valley

S. Ram’s photograph, titled Tribal Make-Up Artist, was captioned as a scene in a Karo village in Ethiopia’s Omo Valley. Painted patterns and the close framing draw attention to the person at the centre of the image.

Look first at the relationship between the face and the surrounding space. Then notice how the visible marks, textures and direction of the gaze guide your attention. The frame feels concentrated because there is little room for the eye to wander elsewhere.

A photograph can show expression and gesture, but it cannot tell us everything someone is thinking. Enjoy the portrait without turning a visible expression into an invented story about the subject’s emotions or daily life. The photographer’s location and title provide context; the person remains more than a symbol of a place.

Shane Wheel: a human figure inside Icelandic ice

Frozen in Time, by Shane Wheel, was identified as a photograph inside an ice cave in the Vatnajökull area of Iceland. The small human figure helps the viewer read the surrounding space.

A person inside a Vatnajökull ice cave in Shane Wheel’s 2015 contest entry
A person inside a Vatnajökull ice cave in Shane Wheel’s 2015 contest entry. Original image credit: Shane Wheel.

Cover the figure briefly with your hand and the image becomes almost abstract: curves, surfaces and changing shades of blue. Reveal the figure again and the scene acquires scale. That simple relationship is one reason the photograph holds attention.

This is a historical image of changing ice. It is not a promise that the same cave still exists or can be visited. For anyone inspired to see an ice cave, the next step is current local guidance and an appropriate guided experience, not searching for an old entrance shown in a photograph.

Lee Scott: the energy of a wave on Kauai

Lee Scott’s When Conditions Are Right was captioned along Kauai’s Nā Pali coast. The wave gives the image movement while the surrounding landscape provides a larger setting.

A breaking wave along Kauai’s Nā Pali coast photographed by Lee Scott
A breaking wave along Kauai’s Nā Pali coast photographed by Lee Scott. Original image credit: Lee Scott.

Follow the bright water through the frame. Notice where texture becomes detail and where spray softens the view. You can almost predict the next moment, which gives a still photograph its sense of motion.

The scene is an observation of powerful coastal conditions, not a swimming recommendation. Its appeal comes from the photographer’s timing and composition.

A small exercise for your own photographs

Choose one idea to try: simplify a portrait’s background, include a familiar object for scale or wait for movement to complete a composition. You do not need an extraordinary location to practise any of them.

Continue with Herman Damar’s photographs of everyday play or the visual storytelling of FollowMeTo in India. Different projects can teach you different ways of paying attention.

The 2016 travel-photography feature offers another dated collection to study for composition, timing and the choices behind a strong image.